Mild COVID-19 Does Not Reduce the Risk of Developing Pulmonary Fibrosis
Mild COVID-19 may also causes pulmonary fibrosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10018077Keywords:
COVID-19, Convalescent plasma, Dickkopf-related protein 3, Pulmonary fibrosisAbstract
Aim: The medical world has experienced the administration of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19)-induced organ dysfunctions, particularly pulmonary. Dickkopf-related protein 3 (DKK3) is attributed to fibrosis in the human body. Our study aimed to evaluate DKK3 levels during COVID-19 infection and to locate a link between high levels of DKK3 and pulmonary fibrosis.
Materials and Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted with COVID-19 patients and an age-gender-matched control group. Both groups were subjected to blood DKK3 measurements. Then, the sixth month after recovery, the patient group was reevaluated for pulmonary fibrosis via high-resolution computed tomography.
Results: Totally, 100 patients with COVID-19 and 100 controls participated. All patients were identified as non-severe and severe. DKK3 levels were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p = 0.001). DKK3 levels were higher in the non-severe group. Patients healed with a convalescent plasma (CP) based-treatment produced more DKK3. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) was more frequent in these patients. Basal lobe involvements but prominently the right middle lobe involvement were linked to fibrosis with a higher level of DKK3.
Conclusion: DKK3 may be a supportive marker for detecting COVID-19 positivity or COVID-19-induced PF. Comprehension of PF in patients with a CP-based treatment would be more complicated.
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